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Formula Sheets
/ Chemistry
Chapter 23
d and f Block Elements
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Properties of transition elements
KMnO₄ and K₂Cr₂O₇
Lanthanoids and actinoids
Properties of transition elements
Magnetic moment
μ
=
n
(
n
+
2
)
BM
coloured ions (d–d transitions)
;
variable oxidation states
;
catalytic activity
Common states
Mn: up to
+
7
;
Sc
3
+
,
Ti
4
+
,
Zn
2
+
,
Cu
+
colourless
KMnO₄ and K₂Cr₂O₇
MnO
4
−
+
8
H
+
+
5
e
−
→
Mn
2
+
+
4
H
2
O
Cr
2
O
7
2
−
+
14
H
+
+
6
e
−
→
2
Cr
3
+
+
7
H
2
O
Cr
2
O
7
2
−
(orange)
⇌
CrO
4
2
−
(yellow)
as pH rises
Lanthanoids and actinoids
Lanthanoid contraction
steady fall in size (poor shielding by 4f)
;
Zr and Hf have almost equal radii
common state
+
3
;
Ce
4
+
oxidant
,
Eu
2
+
reductant
p Block Elements (Group 15, 16, 17 and 18)
Coordination Compounds